Fannin County, Texas -- Contrary to popular belief successful bluebonnet planting happens in the fall.  Seeds planted in the spring will germinate but will not flower until the following year. According to Texas Department of Highways, December 15 is the last date for seeding bluebonnets.  Aggie Horticulture explains why.  Spring blooming wildflowers germinate in the fall, typically in September and October, their tops remain small and inconspicuous while developing massive root systems through the winter.  The bluebonnet is one of these.
 
Bluebonnets have a unique trait.  The small, flat pea-gravel looking seeds have a very low percentage rate of germinating the first season.  This can be frustrating to a gardener.  The seeds may take up to five years to germinate, a survival trait during periods of adverse growing conditions.  To counter this, bluebonnet seed is treated in a process called scarification.  Purchased seeds are typically scarified and will germinate in 10 days in moist soil.  Seedlings from scarified seed are more vigorous.

Emerging seedlings need to be protected from pillbugs and soil fungi.  Overwatering is the biggest killer of bluebonnet seedlings.  A well-drained site free from winter grasses and clover is the optimum location for starting a bluebonnet bed.  Remember these are drought hardy plants.  The only time bluebonnets need water is during the extreme heat of summer.  No additional fertilizer is needed.  Before bluebonnets bloom, they need to establish a massive root system.  This means that they may not bloom the first year.  If additional color is desired while the plants are establishing themselves, plant pansies with them.

Linda Brinlee
Master Gardener Help Desk every Tuesday 9 am to noon. 903-583-7453